BackgroundPre-eclampsia (PE) is a common disorder of pregnancy that usually presents with hypertension and proteinuria.The clinical presentation arises from soluble factors released into the maternal circulation from the placenta owing to the stress of syncytiotrophoblast, consequence of defective placentation occurring in the first half of pregnan
Abstract Background It has commonly been suggested (including by this author) that individual or household deprivation (for example, low income) is amplified by area level deprivation (for example, lack of affordable nutritious food or facilities for physical activity in the neighbourhood).Discussion The idea of deprivation amplification has some i
The distribution of functional traits within and across spatiotemporal scales has been used to quantify and infer the relative resilience across ecosystems.We use explicit spatial modeling to evaluate within- and cross-scale redundancy in headwater streams, an ecosystem type with a hierarchical and dendritic network structure.We assessed the cross-
This paper aims to develop a novel hierarchical recursive nonsingular terminal sliding GARDENIA COND mode controller (HRNTSMC), which is designed to stabilize the inverted pendulum (IP).In contrast to existing hierarchical sliding mode controllers (HSMC), the HRNTSMC significantly reduces the chattering problem in control input and improves the con